Capture-based aquaculture
Capture-based aquaculture Global overview
Capture-based aquaculture Global overview
Edited by
Alessandro Lovatelli
Fishery Resources Officer (Aquaculture)
Aquaculture Management and Conservation Service
FAO Fisheries and Aquaculture Department
Rome, Italy
and
Paul F. Holthus
FAO Consultant
Honolulu, Hawaii
United States of America
FOOD AND AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION OF THE UNITED NATIONS Rome, 2008
FAO
FISHERIES TECHNICAL PAPER
508
The designations employed and the presentation of material in this information product do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) concerning the legal or development status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. The mention of specific companies or products of manufacturers, whether or not these have been patented, does not imply that these have been endorsed or recommended by FAO in preference to others of a similar nature that are not mentioned.
The views expressed in this information product are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of FAO.
ISBN 978-92-5-106030-8
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© FAO 2008
Capture-based aquaculture
Global overview
Edited by
Alessandro Lovatelli
Fishery Resources Officer (Aquaculture) Aquaculture Management and Conservation Service FAO Fisheries and Aquaculture Department Rome, Italy
and
Paul F. Holthus
FAO Consultant
Honolulu, Hawaii
United States of America
FAO
FISHERIES TECHNICAL PAPER
508
FOOD AND AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION OF THE UNITED NATIONS Rome, 2008
The designations employed and the presentation of material in this information product do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) concerning the legal or development status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. The mention of specific companies or products of manufacturers, whether or not these have been patented, does not imply that these have been endorsed or recommended by FAO in preference to others of a similar nature that are not mentioned.
The views expressed in this information product are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of FAO.
ISBN 978-92-5-10...........
All rights reserved. Reproduction and dissemination of material in this information product for educational or other non-commercial purposes are authorized without any prior written permission from the copyright holders provided the source is fully acknowledged. Reproduction of material in this information product for resale or other commercial purposes is prohibited without written permission of the copyright holders. Applications for such permission should be addressed to:
Chief
Electronic Publishing Policy and Support Branch
Communication Division
FAO
Viale delle Terme di Caracalla, 00153 Rome, Italy
or by e-mail to:
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© FAO 2008
Preparation of this document
The two thematic reviews on the (a) environmental and biodiversity and (b) socio economic issues related to capture-based aquaculture and the eleven species-specific papers covering both marine and freshwater examples contained in this document have been prepared as support material for the “FAO international workshop on technical guidelines for the responsible use of wild fish and fishery resources for capture-based aquaculture production”. The workshop organized by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) was held in Hanoi, Viet Nam, from 8 to 12 October 2007, with the collaboration of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development (MARD).
The commissioning of the papers and presentation at the Hanoi workshop were organized by the Aquaculture Management and Conservation Service (FIMA) of the FAO Fisheries and Aquaculture Department and financially supported by the regular programme and extrabudgetary funds from the Government of Japan in support of the project “Towards sustainable aquaculture: selected issues and guidelines”.
Part 1 of the publication consists of two thematic reviews: “Environmental and biodiversity impacts of capture-based aquaculture” by Yvonne Sadovy and Min Liu of the University of Hong Kong and “Social and economic impacts of capture-based aquaculture” by Robert Pomeroy of the University of Connecticut-Avery Point. Part 2 reproduces the eleven species-specific papers prepared, in alphabetical order, by Choi Kwang Sik (oyster) of the Cheju National University (Republic of Korea); Makoto Nakada (yellowtail) of the Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology (Japan); Thomas Nielsen (consultant) and Patrick Prouzet (European eel) of the Institut francais de recherche pour l’exploitation de la mer (France); Bjorg H. Nostvold, Kjell O. Midling, Bent M. Dreyer and Oystein Hermansen (cod) of the Norwegian Institute of Fisheries and Aquaculture Research (Norway); Francesca Ottolenghi (bluefin tuna) of Halieus (Italy); Anders Poulsen, Don Griffiths, So Nam and Nguyen Thanh Tung (Pangasiid catfish and snakehead) respectively of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development (Viet Nam) (first two authors), Inland Fisheries Research and Development Institute (Cambodia) and Southern Sub-Institute of Fisheries Planning (Viet Nam); Victor Pouomogne (Clarias catfish) of the Institute of Agricultural Research for Development (Cameroon); Mhd Mokhlesur Rahman (Indian major carps) of the Center for Natural Resource Studies (Bangladesh); Magdy Saleh (mullets) of the General Authority for Fish Resources Development (Egypt); Colin Shelley (mud crab) of YH & CC Shelley Pty Ltd (Australia); and Mark Tupper and Natasja Sheriff (grouper) of the WoldFish Center (Malaysia).
The photographs presented in the species papers where taken by the authors unless otherwise indicated.
The final revisions and inputs for the papers were provided by the technical editors, A. Lovatelli and P.F. Holthus.
Abstract
Aquaculture is a diverse and multibillion dollar economic sector that uses various strategies for fish production. The harvesting of wild individuals from very early stages in the life cycle to large mature adults for on-growing under confined and controlled conditions is one of these strategies. This system, referred to as capture-based aquaculture, is practised throughout the world using a variety of marine and freshwater species with important environmental, social and economic implications. The need to evaluate the sustainability of this farming practice in light of its economic viability, the wise use of natural resources and socio-environmental impacts as a whole has been extensively discussed at national, regional and international levels.
In 2004, the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) launched a project entitled “Towards sustainable aquaculture – selected issues and guidelines” funded by the Government of Japan which included a thematic component on the use of wild fish and fishery resources for aquaculture production. The objective is to produce a set of technical guidelines that would assist policy-makers in developing informed and appropriate capture-based aquaculture regulations that would take into account the use and conservation of the aquatic resources exploited.
This publication contains technical information prepared in support of and background material for the “FAO international workshop on technical guidelines for the responsible use of wild fish and fishery resources for capture-based aquaculture production” held in Viet Nam in October 2007. The first draft of the technical guidelines on capture-based aquaculture was produced during this meeting. This publication contains two parts. Part 1 consists of two reviews on (a) environmental and biodiversity and (b) social and economic impacts of capture-based aquaculture and Part 2 consists of eleven species review papers. Both marine and freshwater examples have been reviewed and include finfish (mullet, bluefin tuna, European eel, cod, grouper, yellowtail, Clarias catfish, Indian major carps, and snakehead and Pangasiid catfish), crustaceans (mud crab) and molluscs (oyster).
Lovatelli, A.; Holthus, P.F. (eds)
Capture-based aquaculture. Global overview.
FAO Fisheries Technical Paper. No. 508. Rome, FAO. 2008. 298 p.