Abbreviations, acronyms and conversions

BBSR Bermuda Biological Station for Research

DHA Docosahexaenoic Acid
DOPA Dihydroxyphenylalanine
EDTA Ethylene Diamine Tetraacetic Acid
EPA Eicosapentaenoic Acid
FAO Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations FLUPSY Floating Upwelling System
FSW Filtered Seawater
GI Growth Index
GRP Glass-Reinforced Plastic
HUFA Highly Unsaturated Fatty Acid
LDR Light Dependent Resistor
MAFF Ministry of Agriculture Food and Fisheries
NTM Net Treatment Mortality
PHCD Post-Harvest Cell Density
PUFA Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid
PVC Polyvinyl Chloride
RSR Resistance Sensing Relay
SI Systeme International
TBT Tributyltin
TCBS Thiosulfate Citrate Bile Sucrose
UV Ultra-Violet

Not all of the following abbreviations have been used in this manual. However, they are provided as reference when reading other documents.
< less than
> greater than
n.a. not analysed or not available (also written as N/A) µm micron
mm millimetre
cm centimetre
m metre
km kilometre
inch inch
ft foot
yd yard
mi mile
ft? square foot
yd? square yard
mi? square mile
m? square metre
ha hectare
km? square kilometre
cc cubic centimetre (= ml)
m? cubic metre
xx
ft? cubic foot
yd? cubic yard
µl microlitre
ml millilitre (= cc)
l litre
µg microgram
mg milligram (milligramme)
g gram (gramme)
kg kilogram (kilogramme)
mt metric tonne (1 000 kg) (also written as tonne)
oz ounce
lb pound
cwt hundredweight [value differs in UK (‘Imperial’) and US units - see weight conversions]
t ton [value differs in UK (‘Imperial’) and US units - see weight conversions]
psi pounds per square inch
psu practical salinity units
gpm (‘Imperial’ = UK) gallons per minute
mgd million (‘Imperial’ = UK) gallons per day
cfm cubic feet per minute
ppt parts per thousand (also written as ‰)
ppm parts per million
ppb parts per billion (thousand million)
min minute
hr hour
kWhr kilowatt-hour

Conversions

This section of the annex should be used in conjunction with the abbreviations section. Please note that the words gallon and tonne have different values depending on whether the source of the text you are reading is ‘British’ or ‘American’ in origin.
Length:
1 µm 0.001 mm = 0.000001 m
1 mm 0.001 m = 1 000 µm = 0.0394 inch
1 cm 0.01 m = 10 mm = 0.394 inch
1 m 1 000 000 µm = 1 000 mm = 100 cm = 0.001 km = 39.4 inch = 3.28 ft = 1.093 yd
1 km 1 000 m = 1 093 yd= 0.621 mi
1 inch 25.38 mm = 2.54 cm
1 ft 12 inch = 0.305 m
1 yd 3 ft = 0.914 m
1 mi 1 760 yd = 1.609 km
Weight:
1 µg 0.001 mg = 0.000001 g
1 mg 0.001 g = 1 000 µg
1 g 1 000 000 µg = 1 000 mg = 0.001 kg = 0.0353 oz
1 kg 1 000 g = 2.205 lb
1 mt 1 000 kg = 1 000 000 g = 0.9842 UK t = 1.102 US t 1 oz 28.349 g
1 lb 16 oz = 453.59 g
xxi
1 UK cwt 112 lb = 50.80 kg
1 US cwt 100 lb = 45.36 kg
1 UK t 20 UK cwt = 2 240 lb
1 US t 20 US cwt = 2 000 lb
1 UK t 1.016 mt = 1.12 US t
Volume:
1 µl 0.001 ml = 0.000001 l
1 ml 0.001 l = 1 000 µl = 1 cc
1 L 1 000 000 µl = 1 000 ml = 0.220 UK gallon = 0.264 US gallon 1 m? 1 000 l = 35.315 ft3 = 1.308 yd3 = 219.97 UK gallons = 264.16 US gallons
1 ft? 0.02832 m3 = 6.229 UK gallons = 28.316 l
1 UK gallon 4.546 l = 1.2009 US gallons
1 US gallon 3.785 l = 0.833 UK gallon
1 MGD 694.44 GPM = 3.157 m3/min = 3 157 l/min
Concentration - dissolving solids in liquids:
1 % 1 g in 100 ml
1 ppt 1 g in 1 000 ml = 1 g in 1 l = 1 g/l = 0.1%
1 ppm 1 g in 1 000 000 ml = 1 g in 1 000 L = 1 mg/l = 1 µg/g 1 ppb 1 g in 1 000 000 000 ml = 1 g in 1 000 000 l = 0.001 ppm = 0.001 mg/l
Concentration - dilution of liquids in liquids:
1 % 1 ml in 100 ml
1 ppt 1 ml in 1 000 ml = 1 ml in 1 l = 1 ml/l = 0.1%
1 ppm 1 ml in 1 000 000 ml = 1 ml in 1 000 l = 1 µl/l
1 ppb 1 ml in 1 000 000 000 ml = 1 ml in 1 000 000 l = 0.001 ppm = 0.001 ml/l
Area:
1 m? 10.764 ft? = 1.196 yd?
1 ha 10 000 m? = 100 ares = 2.471 acres
1 km? 100 ha = 0.386 mi?
1 ft? 0.0929 m?
1 yd? 9 ft2 = 0.836 m?
1 acre 4 840 yd? = 0.405 ha
1 mi? 640 acres = 2.59 km?
Temperature:
°F (9 ? 5 x °C) + 32
°C (°F - 32) x 5 ? 9
Pressure:
1 psi 70.307 g/cm?

Scientific units

Scientists have a different way of writing some of the units described in this glossary. They use what is called the Systeme International (SI). The units are referred to as SI units. For example: 1 ppt, which can be written as 1 g/l (see concentration above) is written as 1 g l-1 in scientific journals. 1 g/kg is written as 1 g kg-1. 12 mg/kg would be written as 12 mg kg-1.95 µg/kg would be written as 95 µg kg-1. A stocking density of 11 kg/m3 would be written as 11 kg m-3. This system of standardization is not normally used in commercial aquaculture hatcheries and growout units and has therefore not been used in this manual. More information about this topic can be found on the internet by searching for SI Units.